Permaculture begins with understanding nature, working with rather than against her

Bio-intensive gardening: Use of compost, double digging, companion planting and natural pest control to produce the maximum amount of food in the minimum area.

Forest gardening: Producing food from trees, perennial and annual plants in a system that mimics a natural forest.

Seed saving: Collecting and storing seeds, often with the aim of maintaining certain strains.

Organic agriculture: Commercial agriculture that uses natural fertilisers and pest control methods.

Biodynamics: A system of organic agriculture and gardening based on the work of Rudolf Steiner.

Natural farming: A Japanese system of organic agriculture involving minimal or no use of tillage and animal manures, most notably associated with Masanobu Fukuoka.

Keyline water harvesting: A system of landscape analysis, water harvesting and soil development using dams, channels and soil condition ploughing, developed by P.A.Yeomans.

Wholistic rangeland management: A system that uses intensive rotational grazing of livestock to sustainably manage land and provide animal yields, developed and taught by Allan Savory.

Natural sequence farming: A system of gabions, revegetation, and swales, to restore health and productivity of floodplains, developed by Peter Andrews.

Agroforestry: Integrated production of pastures and/or crops with timber and/or tree crops.

Nature-based forestry: Sustainable forestry that uses mixed species, long rotations, minimal impact harvesting and natural regeneration in wild and planted timber forests.

Integrated aquaculture: Aquatic systems that provide most of the food for harvested fish and/or other animals.

Wild harvesting & hunting: Gathering food and other yields from wild plants and animals.

Gleaning: Gathering of food wasted by commercial production.